QA,QC and Testing

Category Quality Assurance(QA) Quality Control(QC) Testing
Focus Process Product Product
Orientation Prevention oriented(Preventing mistakes, defects and Failures) Verification oriented(Detecting mistakes, defects) Verification/validation oriented(Detecting Failures)
Breadth Organization wide Product/Project Specific Product/Project Specific
Scope Relates oto all products that will ever be created by a process Relates to specific product Relates to specific product
Work type Proactive Reactive Reactive
Activities Profess definition, implementation, audits,traing and maps Reviews: Informal reviews, walkthrough, technical review, inspection; Static analysis tools Test planning, test monitoring and control, test analysis, test design, test implementation, test execution,test completion.

Error,defect and failure

  • An error (mistake) is a human action that produces an incorrect result (for example writing code).
  • A defect (bug, fault) is an imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications (for example in the code itself).
  • A failure is when the system or component does not perform as it should (for example returns the wrong result)

Quality Control Techniques

Reviews

REVIEW is a quality control technique that involves the manual examination of a work product or process by one or more individuals to identify any issues and suggest ways to improve it.
## Informal Reviews
INFORMAL REVIEW is a type of review without a formal (documented) procedure.
## Walkthroughs
WALKTHROUGH is a type of review in which an author leads members of the review through a work product and the members ask questions and make comments about possible issues.
## Technical Reviews
TECHNICAL REVIEW is a formal review type by a team of technically qualified personnel that examines the suitability of a work product for its intended use and identifies discrepancy from specifications and standards.
## Inspections
INSPECTION is a type of formal review to identify issues in a work product, which provides measurement to improve the review process and the software development process.
## Static Analysis Tools
STATIC ANALYSIS is a quality control technique performed by tools to evaluate a component or system without executing it, based on its form, structure, content or documentation.